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Tables of Contents for International Business
Chapter/Section Title
Page #
Page Count
Part 1 Background for International Business
2
55
Chapter 1 International Business: An Overview
2
55
Case: Euro Disney
3
24
Introduction
8
6
Modes of International Business
14
5
External Influences on International Business
19
4
Evolution of Strategy in the Internationalization Process
23
4
Countervailing Forces
27
2
Ethical Dilemmas & Social Responsibility
29
4
Looking to the Future
33
1
Summary
33
1
Case: Blockbuster Video
34
6
International Business Environment: An Atlas
40
8
Map Index
48
9
Part 2 Comparative Environmental Frameworks
57
132
Chapter 2 The Cultural Environments Facing Business
57
42
Case: Parris-Rogers International (PRI)
58
29
Introduction
61
2
The Concept of Culture
63
3
Behavioral Practices Affecting Business
66
14
Reconciliation of International Differences
80
1
Cultural Needs in the Internationalization Process
81
6
Ethical Dilemmas & Social Responsibility
87
2
Countervailing Forces
89
1
Looking to the Future
90
1
Summary
91
1
Case: John Higgins
92
7
Chapter 3 The Political and Legal Environments Facing Business
99
38
Case: The Taipan's Dilemma
100
23
Introduction
103
1
The Political Environment
104
1
The Political System and Its Functions
104
1
Basic Political Ideologies
105
11
The Impact of the Political System on Management Decisions
116
1
Formulating and Implementing Political Strategies
117
2
The Legal Environment
119
4
Ethical Dilemmas & Social Responsibility
123
3
Evolution of Legal and Political Strategies in the Internationalization Process
125
1
Countervailing Forces
126
1
Looking to the Future
127
1
Summary
128
2
Case: Bata, Ltd.
130
5
Appendix 1 Comparative Measures of Freedom
135
2
Chapter 4 The Economic Environment
137
52
Case: McDonald's Corporation
138
27
Introduction
141
1
Classifying Economic Systems
142
5
Classifying Countries
147
7
Key Macroeconomic Issues
154
11
Ethical Dilemmas & Social Responsibility
165
12
Transformation to a Market Economy
168
8
Adapting to Foreign Economic Environments in the Internationalization Process
176
1
Countervailing Forces
177
1
Looking to the Future
178
1
Summary
178
2
Case: Pizza Hut in Brazil
180
9
Part 3 Theories and Institutions: Trade and Investment
189
182
Chapter 5 International Trade Theory
189
44
Case: Sri Lankan Trade
190
19
Introduction
193
2
Mercantilism
195
1
Absolute Advantage
196
4
Comparative Advantage
200
4
Factor-Proportions Theory
204
2
The Product Life Cycle
206
3
Ethical Dilemmas & Social Responsibility
209
14
Trade Patterns
211
4
Independence, Interdependence, and Dependence
215
3
Why Companies Trade Internationally
218
4
Trade in the Internationalization Process
222
1
Countervailing Forces
223
1
Looking to the Future
224
1
Summary
225
2
Case: The Cashew
227
6
Chapter 6 Governmental Influence on Trade
233
45
Case: United States-Japanese Auto Trade
234
17
Introduction
237
1
The Rationale for Governmental Intervention
238
11
Forms of Trade Control
249
2
Ethical Dilemmas and Social Responsibility
251
17
From GATT to WTO
260
6
International Business Strategy in the Internationalization Process
266
2
Countervailing Forces
268
1
Looking to the Future
269
1
Summary
270
1
Case: United States-Cuban Trade
271
7
Chapter 7 Economic Integration and Cooperative Agreements
278
54
Case: Ford in Europe
279
30
Introduction
282
5
The European Union
287
11
North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)
298
8
Latin American Integration
306
3
Ethical Dilemmas & Social Responsibility
309
11
Asian Integration Efforts
310
2
African Cooperation
312
2
Commodity Agreements
314
3
The United Nations
317
1
The Environment
318
2
Countervailing Forces
320
1
Looking to the Future
320
2
Summary
322
1
Case: Crystal Lake Manufacturing--A NAFTA Dilemma
323
9
Chapter 8 Foreign Direct Investment
332
39
Case: Bridgestone Tire Company
333
22
Introduction
335
1
The Meaning of Foreign Direct Investment
336
3
The Relationship of Trade and Factor Mobility
339
3
Motivations for Handling International Business through Direct Investment
342
1
Market-Expansion: Investments versus Trade
342
5
Resource-Acquisition Investments
347
3
Diversification-Oriented Investments
350
1
Political Motives
351
1
Buy-versus-Build Decision
352
1
Advantages of Foreign Direct Investment
353
2
Ethical Dilemmas & Social Responsibility
355
4
The Strategy of Direct Investment in the Internationalization Process
356
1
Direct Investment Patterns
357
2
Countervailing Forces
359
1
Looking to the Future
360
1
Summary
361
2
Case: Cran Chile
363
8
Part 4 World Financial Environment
371
72
Chapter 9 Foreign Exchange
371
37
Case: Foreign Travels, Foreign Exchange Travails: Excerpts from the Travel Journal of Lee Radebaugh
372
25
Introduction
374
1
Terms and Definitions
375
6
How the Foreign-Exchange Market Works
381
12
Convertibility
393
1
Exchange Restrictions
394
1
The Uses of the Foreign-Exchange Market in the Internationalization Process
395
2
Ethical Dilemmas & Social Responsibility
397
1
Countervailing Forces
398
1
Looking to the Future
398
1
Summary
399
1
Case: Ilusion Textiles and the Mexican Peso
400
8
Chapter 10 The Determination of Exchange Rates
408
35
Case: The Chinese Renminbi
409
10
Introduction
411
1
The International Monetary System
411
3
Exchange-Rate Arrangements
414
5
Ethical Dilemmas & Social Responsibility
419
14
The Determination of Exchange Rates
420
8
Forecasting Exchange-Rate Movements
428
3
Business Implications of Exchange-Rate Changes
431
2
Countervailing Forces
433
1
Looking to the Future
434
1
Summary
434
2
Case: The Japanese Yen
436
7
Part 5 The Dynamics of International Business-Government Relationships
443
78
Chapter 11 The Impact of the Multinational Enterprise
443
35
Case: Foreign Direct Investment in China
444
23
Introduction
448
1
Evaluating the Impact of the MNE
449
3
Economic Impact of the MNE
452
8
Political and Legal Impact of the MNE
460
7
Ethical Dilemmas & Social Responsibility
467
3
The Impact of the Multinational Enterprise in the Internationalization Process
469
1
Operational Impact of International Business Activities
470
1
Countervailing Forces
470
1
Looking to the Future
471
1
Summary
471
2
Case: Foreign Real-Estate Holdings in the United States
473
5
Chapter 12 International Business Negotiations and Diplomacy
478
43
Case: Saudi Aramco
479
18
Introduction
483
1
Governmental versus Company Strength
483
4
Negotiations in International Business
487
9
Evolution of Negotiations and Diplomacy in the Internationalization Process
496
1
Home-Country Involvement in Asset Protection
496
1
Ethical Dilemmas and Social Responsibility
497
11
Multilateral Agreements and Settlements: FDI
500
1
Multinational Agreements: IPRs
501
4
Role of Public Affairs
505
3
Countervailing Forces
508
1
Looking to the Future
509
1
Summary
510
2
Case: PepsiCo in India
512
9
Part 6 Operations: Overlaying Tactical Alternatives
521
133
Chapter 13 Country Evaluation and Selection
521
47
Case: Ford Motor Company
522
27
Introduction
524
2
Scanning for Alternatives
526
2
Influential Variables: Opportunities
528
5
Influential Variables: Risk
533
7
Business Research
540
6
Tools for Comparing Countries
546
3
Ethical Dilemmas & Social Responsibility
549
9
Diversification versus Concentration Strategies
551
3
Evaluation of Investment Proposals
554
2
Geographic Strategy in the Internationalization Process
556
1
Divestment Decisions
556
2
Countervailing Forces
558
1
Looking to the Future
558
1
Summary
559
2
Case: Royal Dutch Shell/Nigeria
561
7
Chapter 14 Collaborative Strategies
568
40
Case: Grupo Industrial Alfa (GIASA)
569
24
Introduction
572
1
Motives for Collaborative Arrangements
573
4
Types of Collaborative Arrangements
577
11
Problems of Collaborative Arrangements
588
3
Collaborative Strategies in the Internationalization Process
591
1
Managing Foreign Arrangements
592
1
Ethical Dilemmas & Social Responsibility
593
3
Countervailing Forces
596
1
Looking to the Future
597
1
Summary
598
1
Case: International Airline Alliances
599
9
Chapter 15 Control Strategies
608
46
Case: Nestle
609
28
Introduction
612
2
Planning
614
4
Organizational Structure
618
6
Location of Decision Making
624
7
Control in the Internationalization Process
631
2
Control Mechanisms
633
4
Ethical Dilemmas & Social Responsibility
637
5
Control in Special Situations
639
2
Legal Structures
641
1
Countervailing Forces
642
1
Looking to the Future
642
1
Summary
643
2
Case: GE's Tungsram Acquistion
645
9
Part 7 Operations: Managing Business Functions Internationally
654
Chapter 16 Marketing
654
49
Case: Marks & Spencer
655
30
Introduction
659
1
Market Size Analysis
660
4
Product Policy
664
7
Marketing in the Internationalization Process
671
1
Pricing
672
6
Promotion
678
4
Branding
682
2
Distribution
684
1
Ethical Dilemmas & Social Responsibility
685
7
Countervailing Forces
692
1
Looking to the Future
692
1
Summary
693
1
Case: Avon
694
9
Chapter 17 Export and Import Strategies
703
42
Case: Grieve Corporation
704
29
Introduction
707
4
Export Strategy
711
7
Export Intermediaries
718
5
Foreign Freight Forwarders
723
3
Export Financing
726
5
Countertrade
731
2
Ethical Dilemmas & Social Responsibility
733
5
The Import Strategy
735
3
Countervailing Forces
738
1
Looking to the Future
738
1
Summary
739
2
Case: Sunset Flowers of New Zealand, Ltd.
741
4
Chapter 18 Global Operations Management and Sourcing Strategies
745
36
Case: Black & Decker (B&D)
746
21
Introduction
750
1
Global Manufacturing Strategies in the Internationalization Process
750
5
Quality
756
3
Global Sourcing, Purchasing, and Supplier Relations
759
8
Ethical Dilemmas & Social Responsibility
767
5
Inventory Systems
768
3
Product Design
771
1
Countervailing Forces
772
1
Looking to the Future
773
1
Summary
774
1
Case: Applied Magnetics Malaysia (AMM)
775
6
Chapter 19 Multinational Accounting and Tax Functions
781
42
Case: The Coca-Cola Company
782
23
Introduction
786
1
Factors Influencing the Development of Accounting around the World
787
8
Harmonization of Differences
795
1
Transactions in Foreign Currencies
796
3
Translation of Foreign-Currency Financial Statements
799
4
Performance Evaluation and Control in the Internationalization Process
803
2
Ethical Dilemmas & Social Responsibility
805
9
Taxation
806
6
Non-U.S. Tax Practices
812
2
Planning the Tax Function
814
1
Countervailing Forces
814
1
Looking to the Future
815
1
Summary
815
2
Case: Daimler-Benz and a U.S. Listing
817
6
Chapter 20 The Multinational Finance Function
823
38
Case: LSI Logic Corp.
824
19
Introduction
826
1
The Finance and Treasury Functions in the Internationalization Process
826
2
External Sources of Funds
828
1
Eurocurrencies
829
2
International Bonds
831
1
Equity Securities
832
4
Offshore Financial Centers
836
1
Internal Sources of Funds
837
4
Financial-Risk Management
841
2
Ethical Dilemmas & Social Responsibility
843
9
Financial Aspects of the Investment Decision
851
1
Countervailing Forces
852
2
Looking to the Future
854
1
Summary
854
2
Case: NCR's Risk-Management Strategy
856
5
Chapter 21 Human Resource Management
861
Case: Dow's International Management Development
862
29
Introduction
864
1
Management Qualifications and Characteristics
865
3
International Managerial Transfers
868
13
Management Recruitment and Selection
881
1
International Development of Managers
882
1
Human Resource Management in the Internationalization Process
883
1
Labor-Market Differences
884
2
Labor Compensation
886
2
Comparative Labor Relations
888
3
Ethical Dilemmas & Social Responsibility
891
7
International Pressures on National Practices
894
1
Multinational Ownership and Collective Bargaining
895
3
Countervailing Forces
898
1
Looking to the Future
899
2
Summary
901
2
Case: Office Equipment Company (OEC)
903
Glossary
G-1
Company Index and Trademarks
I-1
Name Index
I-7
Subject Index
I-17