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Tables of Contents for The Sociology of Health, Healing, and Illness
Chapter/Section Title
Page #
Page Count
Preface
xi
Part I Perspectives on the Sociology of Health, Healing, and Illness
A Brief Introduction to the Sociology of Health, Healing, and Illness
1
11
Definition of Medical Sociology
1
1
Historical Development of Medical Sociology
2
4
Sociology's Contribution to Understanding Health, Healing, and Illness
6
3
The Role of the Medical Sociologist in the Twenty-First Century
9
1
Summary
10
1
Health on the Internet
10
1
Key Concepts and Terms
10
1
Discussion Question
11
1
References
11
1
The Development of Scientific Medicine
12
22
A Brief History of Medicine
13
1
Early Humans
13
1
The Egyptian Civilization
14
1
Greek and Roman Societies
14
4
The Medieval Era
18
1
Medicine in the Renaissance
19
1
Medicine from 1600 to 1900
20
3
The Ascendancy of Medical Authority in America
23
6
Perspectives on the Ascendancy of Medical Authority
29
2
Summary
31
1
Health on the Internet
32
1
Key Concepts and Terms
32
1
Discussion Question
32
1
References
33
1
Part II The Influence of the Social Environment on Health and Illness
Social Epidemiology
34
24
The Work of the Epidemiologist
34
2
The Epidemiological Transition
36
1
Life Expectancy and Mortality
37
5
Infant Mortality
42
4
Maternal Mortality
46
2
Morbidity
48
5
Disability
53
1
Summary
54
1
Health on the Internet
54
1
Key Concept and terms
55
1
Discussion Case
55
1
References
56
2
Society Disease, and Illness
58
27
The Interrelationship of Fundamental Causes and Proximate Risk Factors: The Case of Developing Countries
60
1
The Influence of Genetic Transmission on Disease and Illness
61
1
Cardiovascular Diseases
62
5
Cancer
67
6
HIV/AIDS
73
4
Alzheimer's Disease
77
1
Mental Illness
78
3
Summary
81
1
Health on the Internet
81
1
Key Concepts and Terms
82
1
Discussion Case
82
1
References
83
2
Social Stress
85
22
Definition of Stress
85
1
Historical Development of the Stress Concept
85
1
A Model of Social Stress
86
1
Stressors
87
6
Appraisal of Stressors
93
1
Mediators of Stress: Coping and Social Support
94
3
Stress Outcomes
97
1
The Role of Social Class, Race, and Gender in Social Stress
98
5
Summary
103
1
Health on the Internet
103
1
Key Concepts and Terms
104
1
Discussion Cases
104
1
References
105
2
Part III Health and Illness Behavior
Health Behavior
107
19
The Concept of Health
107
2
Health Behavior
109
1
Describing Individual Health Behaviors
109
7
Explaining Health Behavior
116
6
Summary
122
1
Health on the Internet
123
1
Key Concepts and Terms
123
1
Discussion Cases
123
1
References
124
2
Experiencing Illness and Disability
126
24
Stages of Illness Experience
126
1
Stage 1: Symptom Experience
126
3
Stage 2: Assumption of the Sick Role; Illness as Deviance
129
5
Stage 3: Medical Care Contact/Self-Care
134
8
Stage 4: Dependent-Patient Role
142
1
Stage 5: Recovery and Rehabilitation
142
1
Experiencing Chronic Illness, Impairment, and Disability
143
3
Summary
146
1
Health on the Internet
147
1
Key Concepts and Terms
147
1
Discussion Question
148
1
References
148
2
Part IV Health Care Practitioners and Their Relationship with Patients
Physicians and the Profession of Medicine
150
25
The Profession of Medicine
150
6
The Social Control of Medicine
156
6
The Number, Composition, and Distribution of Physicians in the United States
162
3
Female Physicians
165
3
Physician Satisfaction and Dissatisfaction
168
2
Physician Impairment: Stresses and Strains of the Physician Role
170
1
Summary
170
1
Health on the Internet
171
1
Key Concepts and Terms
171
1
Discussion Case
172
1
References
172
3
Medical Education and the Socialization of Physicians
175
21
The History of Medical Education
175
2
Modern Medical Education
177
7
The Medical School Experience: Attitude and Value Acquisition
184
3
The Medical School Experience: Stress
187
3
The Medical School Experience: Career Choices
190
1
Future Directions in U.S. Medical Education
191
1
Summary
192
1
Health on the Internet
193
1
Key Concepts and Terms
193
1
Discussion Case
193
1
References
194
2
Nurses, Mid-Level Health Care Practitioners, and Allied Health Workers
196
23
Evolution of Nonphysician Health Care Practitioners
196
3
Nurses and the Field of Nursing
199
8
Mid-Level Health Care Practitioners
207
2
Allied Health Workers
209
1
The Health Care Team
210
2
Relationships among Health Care Workers
212
3
The Changing Environment among Health Care Workers
215
1
Summary
216
1
Health on the Internet
216
1
Key Concepts and Terms
216
1
Discussion Question
217
1
References
217
2
Complementary and Alternative Medicine
219
26
The Meaning of Complementary and Alternative Medicine
219
1
Scientific Medicine and Alternative Healing
220
1
Complementary and Alternative Healers
221
2
Chiropractic
223
5
Acupuncture
228
3
Spiritual Healing and Christian Science
231
5
Ethnic Folk Healing
236
4
Summary
240
1
Health on the Internet
241
1
Key Concepts and Terms
241
1
Discussion Case
241
1
References
242
3
The Physician-Patient Relationship: Background and Models
245
25
Models of the Physician-Patient Relationship
245
2
Key Dimensions of the Physician-Patient Relationship
247
9
The Influence of Social Class, Race, and Symptomology on the Physician-Patient Relationship
256
1
The Influence of Gender on the Physician-Patient Relationship
257
4
Patient Satisfaction with Physicians
261
2
Patient Compliance with Medical Regimens
263
2
Summary
265
1
Health on the Internet
265
1
Key Concepts and Terms
265
1
Discussion Case
266
1
References
266
4
Professional and Ethical Obligations of Physicians in the Physician-Patient Relationship
270
19
Truth-telling as an Issue
270
4
Confidentiality as an Issue
274
4
Obligation to Treat AIDS Patients
278
6
Summary
284
1
Health on the Internet
285
1
Key Concepts and Terms
285
1
Discussion Cases
285
1
References
286
3
Part V The Health Care System
The Health Care System of the United States
289
25
Health Care Expenditures
289
3
Financing Health Care
292
4
America's Uninsured Population
296
1
Explaining the High Cost of Health Care
297
5
Cost Containment: DRGs, Rationing, and Managed Care
302
6
The Politics of Health Care Reform
308
3
Summary
311
1
Health on the Internet
311
1
Key Concepts and Terms
311
1
Discussion Cases
312
1
References
312
2
Health Care delivery
314
22
The Emergence of Freestanding Ambulatory Care Sites
314
3
The Flourishing of Managed Care Organizations: HMOs and PPOs
317
4
Emergence of the Modern Hospital
321
11
Home Health Care
332
1
Summary
333
1
Health on the Internet
333
1
Key Concepts and Terms
333
1
Discussion Case
334
1
References
334
2
The Social Implications of Advanced Health Care Technology
336
27
Societal Control of Technology
336
1
Health Care Technology
337
5
The Right to Refuse or Demand Advanced Health Care Technology
342
8
Organ Donation and Transplantation
350
5
New Reproductive Technologies
355
4
Summary
359
1
Health on the Internet
360
1
Key Concepts and Terms
360
1
Discussion Case
360
1
References
361
2
Comparative Health Care Systems
363
23
Major Influences on Health Care Systems
363
2
Health Care Services in Developing and Industrialized Countries
365
1
Types of Health Care Systems
366
2
China
368
3
Russia
371
3
Canada
374
5
Great Britain
379
3
Common Challenges to Health Care Systems around the World
382
1
Summary
382
1
Health on the Internet
383
1
Key Concepts and Terms
383
1
Discussion Questions
383
1
References
384
2
Photo Credits
386
1
Name Index
387
9
Subject Index
396
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