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Tables of Contents for Thin Clients Clearly Explained
Chapter/Section Title
Page #
Page Count
Introduction to Thin Clients
1
20
A Primer on Client--Server Computing
2
9
Client--Server
2
1
Hardware
2
1
Peer to Peer
3
1
Server to Client
3
1
Software
4
1
LANs
5
1
WANs
5
2
Internet
7
1
Intranets
7
1
Extranets
8
1
Server-Side and Client-Side Programming
8
1
Server Side
8
1
Client Side
9
1
Cross-Platform
10
1
Convenience
11
1
Network Computers
11
4
NC Hardware Idea
12
1
NC Software Idea
12
2
CGI Applications
14
1
Java
14
1
The Hardware Idea Revisited
15
1
The Citrix System
15
2
Windoows NT
16
1
Citrix Client
16
1
Hardware
16
1
Dual Client Computers
17
1
Thin Client
17
1
Other Definitions
18
1
For Whom?
18
1
Summary
19
2
The Citrix Client--Windows Terminal
21
18
X Window
22
3
The Holy Grail of Client--Server Computing
24
1
Today's Thin Clints Are Rooted in X Window
24
1
Citrix
25
9
Winframe and ICA
25
1
Current Version
26
1
New Arrangement
26
2
Preserving Your LAN Software Investment
28
1
A Session with Winframe
28
1
How Many Servers Will You Need?
29
2
Citrix Licensees
31
1
Sun
31
1
Microsoft
31
1
Winterm
32
1
Boundless
32
1
QUE
32
1
@workStation
33
1
NTRIGUE
33
1
WinDD
33
1
WinCenter
33
1
IBM
34
1
NTED
34
1
Citrix Features
34
2
Summary
36
3
The Network Computer Concept
39
24
NCs
40
1
NC Configuration
40
1
Oracle NC Reference Profile
41
8
Minimum Hardware Capability
43
1
VGA or Equivalent
43
1
Pointing Device
44
1
Tex Input
44
1
Audio Output
44
1
Network Protocols
44
1
TCP/IP --- Transmission Control Protocol and Internet Protocol
45
1
FTP --- File Transfer Protocol
45
1
Telnet
45
1
NFS --- Network File System
45
1
UDP --- User Datagram Protocol
45
1
SNMP --- Simple Network Management Protocol
45
1
DHCP or BootP --- Dynamic Host Configuration or Boot Protocol
45
1
Web Standards
46
1
HTML --- Hypertext Markup Language
46
1
HTTP --- Hypertext Transfer Protocol
46
1
Java Application Environment
46
1
Email Protocols
46
1
SMTP --- Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
46
1
IMAP4 --- Internet Message Access Protocol
46
1
POP3 --- Post Office Protocol
47
1
Multimedia Formats
47
1
JPEG
47
1
GIF
47
1
WAV
48
1
AU
48
1
Security (Optional)
48
1
ISO 7816 --- Smart Cards
48
1
Europay/MasterCard/VISA --- Credit Cards
49
1
Comments
49
1
Using Java
49
2
Gaining Perspective
51
2
Citrix and Windows NT Terminal
51
1
Dual Client Computers
52
1
Speculation
53
4
Programming Availability
53
1
Versatility
54
1
Cost
55
1
Replace PCs?
56
1
Replace Dumb Terminals?
56
1
Public Computers
57
1
Uses
57
3
Office
57
1
Databases
57
2
Groupware
59
1
Summary
60
3
Purchasing Thin Clients
63
16
Desktop Box?
63
1
Powerful CPU
64
1
RAM
65
1
SIMM Expansion Slot
65
1
SVGA Interface
66
2
Audio
68
1
Network Connection
68
1
Keyboard
69
1
Mouse
69
1
Parallel and Serial Ports
69
1
Floppy Drive and Hard Drive
70
1
CD Drive
70
1
Smart Card Slot
71
1
Personal Desktop
71
1
Security
71
1
Finance
72
1
Smart Card Standard
72
1
Software
72
3
Operating System
73
1
Basic Programming
73
1
Network Programming
74
1
Buy a PC
75
1
Recycle a 486
75
2
Servers
77
1
Summary
77
2
Consumer Thin Clients
79
10
Set-Tops
79
1
TV-Centric Web Access Systems
80
3
WebTV
81
1
Sun
81
1
Navio
82
1
Traditional ISPs
82
1
Presentations
83
2
Video Phones
85
1
Newly Invented Thin Client Devices
85
1
Business Uses
86
2
Substitute for a PC
86
1
Presentations
87
1
Training
87
1
Summary
88
1
Deploying Thin Clients on Intranets
89
16
Physical Server and Thin Client Hardware Installation
91
1
Some Basic Assumptions
91
1
Setting Up Your Thin Client
92
1
Setting Up the Servers
93
1
Server Administration
93
3
Hardware Administrative Work
93
2
User Administrative Work
95
1
Thin Client Configuration
96
3
Installing the Thin Client Operating System
96
1
Configuring the thin client
96
1
Startup Settings
96
1
Thin Client Network Settings
97
1
Keyboard and Mouse Settings
98
1
Token Ring Network Settings
98
1
Advanced Settings
99
1
Ready for Testing
99
1
A Simplified Administrator's Checklist
100
2
Performance
102
1
Summary
103
2
Using Thin Clients as Mainframe Terminal Replacements
105
14
What Do Terminals Do?
106
5
The 3270 Family
107
1
What's a Teleprocessor?
108
1
What Possibilities When Thin Clients Used Instead of Terminals?
109
2
IBM Mainframe Systems
111
2
Gateways
113
1
TN3270
114
2
What Do I Need in Order to Use TN3270?
116
1
TN3270 Server
116
1
TN3270 Client
116
1
What Can I Do with TN3270?
116
1
What Can't I Do with TN3270?
117
1
Other TN3270 Configurations
117
1
Non-3270 Dumb Terminals
118
1
Summary
118
1
Thin Clients' Effect on the Network
119
14
Ethernet
121
3
What Does a Network Interface Unit (NID) Do?
121
1
Ethernet Implementations
122
1
Carrier-Sense Multiple Access With Collision Detection (CSMA/CD)
123
1
Carrier Sense
123
1
Multiple Access
123
1
Collision Detection
124
1
TCP/IP
124
1
Networks Where Thin Clients Are Present
124
6
How Should You Configure a Thin Client Network?
125
1
What Are the Users' Work Patterns?
125
1
How Many Operations per Day and per Second?
125
1
How Many Users?
126
1
How Much Impact Can You Expect from Browser Use?
126
1
Which Applications Run Server-Side Scripts?
126
1
What Types of Applications Need More Server CPU Power?
126
1
Performance Management
127
1
Bottlenecks
127
1
Performance Management Tools
127
1
Network-Related Data You Can Collect
128
1
Items to Ignore
128
1
Thin Client, Fat Servers
129
1
Application Protocols: X Window or Citrix?
129
1
Some Practical Considerations for Mixed Computer Networks
130
1
Summary
131
2
Corporate Culture
133
10
Considering the Systems
134
1
Mainframe
134
1
Client--Server
134
1
PCs
135
1
Posing the Question
135
6
LANs
135
1
WANs
136
1
Grassroots
136
1
Intranet
137
1
Teams
138
1
Departments
138
1
Database Access
139
1
Two Extremes
139
1
Clerical Workers
139
1
Executives
140
1
Other Employees
141
1
Answering the Question
141
1
Redefining the Culture
142
1
The Internet
143
14
Email
144
1
Remote Access
145
2
Employees in the Field
145
1
Remote Sites
145
1
Traveling Employees
146
1
Services
147
3
Vendors and Customers
147
1
Communications
147
1
Publishing
148
1
Software Services
148
1
Database Services
149
1
ISP Services
149
1
Internet Centers
150
1
Kiosks
150
3
Kiosks Everywhere
151
1
Customer Service
151
1
Thin Clients Not on Your Intranet
152
1
Employees
153
1
Corporate Cultural Shock
154
1
Surfing
154
1
Security
154
2
Summary
156
1
Extranets and Thin Clients
157
14
Bridging the Internet and the Intranet
158
3
Who's Benefiting from Extranets?
161
3
SELine on the Web
162
1
The Big 3 Network
163
1
HOPS for the Web
163
1
Extranets Are Getting Help from the Industry
164
2
The Extranet Alliance
164
1
What Is Crossware?
165
1
All That Glitters Is Not Gold
166
2
Another View of Extranets
168
2
Tunnels through the Internet
168
2
Using the Internet
170
1
Summary
170
1
Working at Home
171
10
Thin Client
172
1
Maintenance
173
1
Connections
173
4
Dial-up Connection
173
1
Dedicated Connection
174
2
Wireless Connection
176
1
Security
177
1
Enabler
177
1
Students and Trainees
177
1
Work Groups
178
1
Kiosks
178
1
Vendors, Clients, Customers, and Contractors
179
1
Summary
179
2
Thin Client under the Hood
181
16
More about Thin Clients
182
1
Thin Clients Rely on Open Computer Industry Standards
183
1
LANS in the Early Days
183
4
Birth of the LAN
184
1
TCP/IP to the Rescue
185
2
Networks of Networks
187
1
What Makes TCP/IP Tick?
188
2
UDP
189
1
TCP
189
1
TCP and UDP-Based Thin Client Requirements
190
4
Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)
190
1
BOOTP (Bootstrap Protocol)
191
1
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)
191
1
Email Protocols
191
1
Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP)
191
1
Post Office Protocol (POP3)
192
1
Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP4)
192
1
Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (MIME)
192
1
World Wide Web Protocols
193
1
Hypertext Markup Language (HTML)
193
1
Hypertext Transport Protocol (HTTP)
193
1
TCP/IP Application Layer Protocols
193
1
Telnet
193
1
File Transfer Protocol (FTP)
193
1
Network File System (NFS)
194
1
How Thin Client Manufacturers Implement These Standards
194
1
Summary
194
3
Programming That Supports Thin Clients
197
18
Programming Basics
197
3
Assemblers and Compilers
198
1
Debugging
198
1
Interpretive Languages
199
1
Functional Orientation
200
1
Client-Server, Thin Clients, and the Web
200
1
Programming for the Web
200
7
The C Programming Language
201
1
Web Forms and the Common Gateway Interface (CGI)
202
1
perl
202
5
Object-Oriented Software Technology
207
7
Object-Oriented Modeling
207
1
Objects of Desire
207
1
Example of an Object
208
1
Systems
209
1
Object-Oriented Programming
210
1
Class Libraries
211
1
Java Workshop
211
1
Distributed Objects
211
1
Object Request Brokers
212
1
Distributed Object Standards
213
1
CORBA/IIOP
213
1
DCOM
214
1
Java
214
1
Summary
214
1
Operating Environments
215
16
The Client--Server Model in a Nutshell
215
3
Two Tiers of Processing
216
1
Adding Another Tier
217
1
The Layered Approach
218
1
Operating Systems
218
1
Network Operating Systems
219
7
Network Server Devices
220
2
Network Client Devices
222
1
Novell Netware
223
1
Novell IntraNetware
223
1
Banyan VINES
224
1
Microsoft Windows NT (Windows 2000)
225
1
Unix Operating Systems
225
1
Operating Interfaces
226
4
X Window
227
1
Citrix
227
1
NC
228
1
Dual Clients
228
2
Summary
230
1
Windows Terminal Server and Windows Terminals
231
14
Pricing
234
1
Windows-based Terminals
235
1
Key Features of Windows-Based Terminals
236
2
NetPC Reference Profile
238
3
General Requirements
238
1
Distinguishing Features
238
3
Zero Administration for Windows (ZAW)
241
2
TaskStation Mode
241
1
AppStation Mode
242
1
Are Windows-based Terminals Right for You?
243
1
Summary
244
1
Windows Programs
245
8
Do You Need Windows Programs?
246
1
Program Licensing
247
2
Controlled Access
249
1
The Basics
250
1
Summary
250
3
Using Java
253
34
Using Java Three Ways
254
6
Using Java Scripts
254
3
Using Java Applets
257
2
Using Java Applications
259
1
Using Java Servlets
260
1
Program Size
260
1
Naming Java Files
261
1
Code Files
261
1
Class Files
262
1
Compiling Java Programs
262
1
Java Characteristics
263
4
Client Side
264
1
Server Side
264
1
Persistence and Security
265
1
Stability
265
1
Cross-Platform
265
1
Object-Oriented
266
1
Distributed Objects
267
1
Using HTML Aplet Statements
267
10
Installing Applets
269
1
Parameters
270
5
Codebase
275
1
Archives
275
1
Remote Web Sites
275
1
Size and Position
276
1
Ease of Use
277
1
Java Authoring Programs
277
2
Smart Table
278
1
Implications
279
1
More Java Facts
279
5
Java Beans
279
1
JDBC
280
1
Channels
280
2
Browsers
282
1
Types of Java
282
1
Norwest Mortgage
283
1
Java in '00
284
1
Summary
285
2
NC Intranet Software Packages
287
16
IBM's Network Computing Framework (NCF)
288
2
Content Management Solutions --- How to Get the Most Mileage out of Information
288
1
Collaborative Systems --- Groupware Organizational Teamwork
289
1
Commerce Solutions --- Finding Better Ways to Service a Company's Customers and Partners
289
1
Minimum Intranet Software Package Requirements
290
1
A Sampling of Vendors
291
11
Neoware @workstation and NeoStation Thin Client Software Features and Benefits
291
1
NCDware
292
1
IBM's Network Computing Framework
292
1
The Acorn NC
293
1
NCI (Network Computer, Inc.)
294
3
Sun Microsystems
297
1
MailView
298
1
CalendarView
298
1
Name View
299
1
Info View
300
1
Applix
300
1
Introspection Helps Selection
301
1
Summary
302
1
Browser-Based Software
303
18
Office Suites
304
5
Applix
304
1
Applix Anyware Office
304
3
Applix Data
307
1
Applix Enterprise
307
1
Corel Office Java
308
1
Cooper & Peters (Microsoft)
308
1
Oracle
308
1
IBM
309
1
Browsers and Email Clients
309
1
Other TCP/IP Programs
310
1
Lotus Notes
311
1
Types of Groupware
311
5
Communication
311
1
Work Management
312
1
Conferencing
313
2
Publishing
315
1
Development Software
316
3
Smart Table
317
1
Emblaze
318
1
Web Authoring Software
319
1
Reading Software
319
1
Analyzing Webtop Software
319
1
Summary
320
1
Multimedia and Thin Clients
321
24
The Web
321
16
Text
322
1
HTML
322
1
Reading on Monitors
323
1
Hypertext
323
1
Word Processor Documents
323
2
Software
325
1
Audio
326
1
Graphics
327
1
GIF
328
1
JPEG
328
1
Resolution and Color Density
329
2
Using Graphic Files
331
1
Video
332
2
Web Multimedia
334
1
Interactivity
335
1
Embedded Programs
336
1
Bandwidth
336
1
Email
337
4
MIME Email
338
1
HTML Email
338
1
A-Mail
338
2
V-Mail
340
1
Thin Clients and Multimedia Mail
341
1
Video Conferencing
341
1
Thin Clients
341
1
Summary
342
3
Databases
345
22
Types of Databases
346
4
Flat-File
346
1
Relational
347
2
Object-Oriented
349
1
Hybrid
349
1
Types of Database Publishing
350
6
Static
350
1
Interactive
351
1
Operational Interactivity
351
1
Tracking Web Site Visitors
351
1
Flat-File
352
1
Application File
353
1
Client--Server
354
1
Scalable
355
1
SQL
356
1
HTML Forms
357
1
CGI
357
1
Java
357
1
Client--Server
357
1
JDBC
358
1
Web--Database Development Tools
358
1
Queries
358
1
Access
359
2
Desktop Database: Access
359
1
Cold Fusion
359
1
CFHML
359
2
Oracle and Other Scalable Databases
361
1
Oracle
361
1
Net Dynamics
361
1
Informix
362
1
Legacy Databases
362
3
Java
362
1
Single Database Applications
362
1
Multiple Database Applications
363
1
CGI Alternative
363
2
Text Search Technology
365
1
Summary
366
1
Using Thin Clients for Training
367
14
Using Internet Building Blocks
369
7
Email
369
1
Conference Software
370
1
Seminar Program
370
1
MUDs and MOOs
370
1
Chat Programs
371
1
Audio
371
1
Video
372
1
VRML
373
1
Web
373
2
Groupware
375
1
Multimedia Plug-Ins
375
1
Training for the PC?
376
1
Using Programming
376
1
Traveling and Training
377
1
Vendors Featuring WBT
378
1
Thin Clients and Training
379
1
Summary
380
1
Document Standardization
381
18
Text
382
4
ASCII
382
1
HTML Documents
383
1
Word Processor Documents
383
1
RTF Documents
384
1
Office Documents
385
1
Conversion
386
2
HTML Conversion
386
1
Word Processor Templates
387
1
Document Systems
387
1
Basic ASCII Text
387
1
Acrobat
388
1
SGML and XML Documents
389
1
The Paperless Office
390
7
Reading on a Computer Monitor
390
3
Typpesetting for the Web
393
2
Multimedia Internet Documents
395
1
The New Email
396
1
Print on Demand
397
1
Summary
397
2
Training Personnel to Use Thin Clients
399
12
Citrix
400
1
Training Hardware
400
3
Drives
400
1
Connections
401
1
Smart Cards
401
1
Commodity Item
402
1
Training the Operating System
403
1
Training Basic Programs
403
1
Training with the Universal Interface
404
3
Web Browser
404
1
CGI Scripts
404
1
Web--Database Applications
405
1
HTML
405
1
Java
406
1
Look and Feel
407
1
Training with Email
407
1
Two Advantages for Java Programs
408
1
Retraining
409
1
Training via the Intranet
409
1
Conclusion
409
2
Thin Client Security
411
16
Protecting Data Resources
411
3
How Secure Is Your System?
413
1
Characteristics of a Secure Thin Client Environment
414
1
NC Reference Profile Security
415
1
Physical--Logical Access Control
416
3
Physical Access Control
417
1
Logical Access Control
418
1
Smart Cards
419
6
How Does Encryption Work?
420
1
Digital Certificates
421
1
What Do You Use Digital Certificates For?
422
3
Summary
425
2
Thin Client Administration
427
16
Support Costs Are Less for Thin Clients
428
1
Common Thin Client Configurations
429
4
Replacing Dumb, Text-Based Legacy System Teminals
430
1
Connecting to Enterprise Systems in a Two-Tier Architecture
430
1
Connecting to Windows Enterprise Systems Using Citrix
431
1
Connecting to Enterprise Systems in a Three-Tier Architecture
432
1
Connecting Thin Clients Using Private Lines or the Internet
432
1
Microsoft's Response to PC Administration Woes
433
4
Novell ZEN Works
434
3
Citrix WinFrame and Independent Computing Architecture
437
1
When Should I Use Thin Clients?
437
1
Administrator Tasks Will Either Make or Break the Thin Client
438
4
IBM Network Station Manager
439
1
The Netscape Administration Kit
440
1
Desirable Administration Software Features
441
1
Citrix Impacts on the Network
441
1
Summary
442
1
Organizational Policies
443
1
Where to Go from Here?
444
1
Building Your Own Policies
445
1
Planning
446
1
Procurement
446
1
Thin Client and PC Standards
446
1
Systems Development Standards
446
1
Distributed Systems Support and Other Support Functions
447
1
Information Security
447
1
Device Security
447
1
Work-at-Home Users
447
1
Inventory and Tracking
448
1
Intranet Content Development Policies and Standards
448
1
Training Policies
448
1
Disaster Planning and Recovery
448
1
Policy Compliance
449
1
Continuous Improvement
449
1
Who's Doing What?
449
1
Summary
450