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Tables of Contents for Compact Heat Exchangers
Chapter/Section Title
Page #
Page Count
Introduction
1
26
Recent developments in compact exchanger technology
1
2
Basic aspects of compactness
3
6
Scaling laws for heat exchangers
9
5
The relationship of compactness and enhancement
14
5
The function of secondary surfaces (fins)
19
1
Compactness and its relationship to enhanced boiling surfaces, rib roughnesses, etc
20
2
Surface optimisation
22
1
Heat exchanger reactors
23
2
References
25
2
Industrial Compact Exchangers
27
56
The Plate-Fin Heat Exchangers (PFHE)
28
6
The Brazed Aluminium PFHE
28
3
Dip brazed and solder-bonded exchangers
31
1
The brazed stainless steel/ titanium heat exchanger
32
2
Tube-fin heat exchangers
34
1
Diffusion bonded heat exchangers
35
1
The printed circuit heat exchanger (PCHE)
35
6
Welded plate heat exchangers
41
10
Plate and Frame Heat Exchangers (PHE) and derivatives
51
9
Plate and Frame Heat Exchangers (PHE)
52
5
Brazed Plate Heat Exchangers
57
1
Welded Plate Heat Exchanger (PHE types)
58
1
Other specialised PHE types
59
1
The Plate and Shell Heat Exchanger (PSHE)
60
1
Spiral Heat Exchangers (SHE)
61
2
Compact Shell and Tube Heat Exchangers
63
1
Polymer Exchangers
64
1
Some recent developments
65
4
Polymer exchanger development
65
1
Gas turbine recuperator developments
66
3
Heat Exchanger Reactors
69
5
Heat exchangers with reactant injection
69
2
Catalytic reactor exchangers
71
3
Surface selection
74
6
Process exchangers
74
5
Refrigeration exchangers
79
1
Automotive and prime mover sector
79
1
Aerospace sector
79
1
References
80
3
The Heat Exchanger as Part of a System: Exergetic (Second Law) Analysis
83
42
Introduction
83
1
Basic Principles of Exergy Analysis
84
8
First and Second Law (Open Systems)
84
2
Availability, exergy, lost work
86
2
Exergy
88
2
Steady flow exergy processes
90
2
Application of Exergy Analysis to Heat Exchangers
92
4
Basics of entropy generation
93
3
Zero Pressure Drop
96
11
Balanced counterflow
96
5
General analysis for exchangers with flow imbalance
101
3
Unbalanced counterflow
104
1
Cocurrent (parallel) flow
105
1
Condensing on one side
106
1
Evaporation on one side
107
1
Finite Pressure Drop
107
9
Optimisation based on local rate equation
107
5
Application of the rate equation to balanced counterflow
112
4
Implications of the Entropy Minimisation Analysis for Selection and Design
116
4
Application To Heat Exchanger Networks
120
1
References
121
4
Surface Comparisons, Size, Shape and Weight Relationships
125
30
Introduction
125
1
Conventional Theory (The Core Mass Velocity Equation, and Geometrical Consequences)
126
11
Heat transfer
126
2
Pressure drop
128
1
Combined thermal and pressure drop comparison
128
3
Operating parameter
131
2
Size and shape relationships
133
3
Exchanger (side) weight
136
1
Pumping power
136
1
Laminar Flow Analysis
137
6
Heat transfer
137
1
Pressure drop
138
1
Combined heat transfer and pressure drop
139
1
Size and shape relationships
140
2
Pumping power
142
1
Comparison of Compact Surfaces
143
3
Comparison of Conventional and Laminar Approaches
146
7
References
153
2
Surface Types and Correlations
155
46
Introduction
155
1
Ducts
155
19
Laminar flow
156
1
Fully developed laminar flow
156
5
Developing laminar flow (entrance region effects)
161
9
Turbulent and transitional flow in ducts
170
4
Plate- Fin Surfaces
174
19
Plain fin (Rectangular triangular and sine section shapes)
176
2
Offset Strip fin, OSF
178
1
Wavy (corrugated or herringbone) fin
179
5
Perforated fin
184
1
Louvred fin surfaces
184
9
Pressed Plate Type Surfaces
193
3
Plate and Shell Surfaces
196
1
Other Plate-Type Surfaces (Welded Plates etc.)
196
1
Printed Circuit Heat Exchanger (PCHE) Surfaces
197
1
References
197
4
Thermal Design
201
74
Introduction
201
1
Form of specification
202
1
Basic Concepts and Initial Size Assessment
203
18
The effectiveness method
203
6
Inverse relationships
209
1
The LMTD method
210
1
The LMTD design method
210
4
Overall conductance
214
3
Wall temperature
217
1
The core mass velocity equation
218
1
Face area, volume and aspect ratio
219
2
Details of the Design Process
221
22
The effect of temperature- dependent fluid properties
221
1
Fin efficiency and surface effectiveness
222
3
Layer stacking and banking factor
225
1
Entry and exit losses
226
3
Thermal-hydraulic design of headers and distributors
229
6
The effect of longitudinal conduction
235
8
The effect of non- uniformity of manufacture of heat exchanger passages
243
1
Design for Two- Phase Flows
243
14
Boiling
247
7
Condensation
254
1
Two-phase pressure drop
255
2
The design process
257
7
Stage 1: Scoping size
258
1
Stage 2
259
1
Counterflow design
259
1
Crossflow design
260
1
Multipass crossflow, overall counterflow configuration
260
1
Design process for two- phase flows
261
1
Final block sizes (all configurations)
262
2
Thermal Design for Heat Exchanger Reactors
264
2
Mechanical Aspects of Design
266
2
Pressure containment
266
2
Strength of bonds
268
1
References
268
7
Compact Heat Exchangers In Practice
275
28
Installation
275
2
Commissioning
277
1
Operation
278
1
Maintenance
279
14
Maintenance - General Factors
279
1
Maintenance - Fouling and Corrosion
280
1
Crystallisation or precipitation fouling
281
3
Particulate fouling (silting)
284
2
Biological fouling
286
1
Corrosion fouling
287
1
Chemical reaction fouling
288
1
Freezing or solidification fouling
288
1
Heat Exchangers Designed to Handle Fouling
289
1
Applications of Compact Heat Exchangers and Fouling Possibilities
290
3
Design Approaches to Reduce Fouling
293
3
Principles of exchanger- pumping system interaction
293
2
The effect of fouling and the heat exchanger surface on thermal performance
295
1
Fouling Factors
296
4
References
300
3
Appendices
303
88
1. Nomenclature
304
5
2. Conversion factors
309
2
3. Software organisations and awareness groups
311
20
4. List of manufacturers
331
9
5. Physical properties
340
51
5.1 Properties of gases
342
7
5.2 Properties of saturated liquids
349
23
5.3 Thermophysical properties of refrigerants
372
3
5.4 Properties of fuels and oils
375
2
5.5 Thermophysical properties of metals
377
4
5.6 Thermophysical properties of nonmetallic solids
381
2
5.7 Mechanical properties of ferrous alloys
383
1
5.8 Mechanical properties of non-ferrous alloys
384
1
5.9 Mechanical properties of ceramic materials
385
1
5.10 Mechanical properties of polymers
386
2
Sources and acknowledgements of property data
388
3
Index
391