Product Description: In risk studies, engineers often have to consider the consequences of an accident leading to a shock on a construction. This can concern the impact of a ground vehicle or aircraft, or the effects of an explosion on an industrial site...read more

Product Description: - self-contained and well illustrated- complete and comprehensive derivation of mechanical/mathematical results with enphasis on issues of practical importance- combines classical subjects of fracture mechanics with modern topics such as microheterogeneous materials, piezoelectric materials, thin films, damage- mechanically and mathematically clear and complete derivations of result...read more

Product Description: It is difficult to do justice to fracture mechanics in a textbook, for the subject encompasses so many disciplines. A general survey of the field would serve no purpose other than give a collection of references. The present book by Professor E...read more

Product Description: The Boundary Integral Equation (BIE) method has occupied me to various degrees for the past twenty-two years. The attraction of BIE analysis has been its unique combination of mathematics and practical application. The EIE method is unforgiving in its requirement for mathe­ matical care and its requirement for diligence in creating effective numerical algorithms...read more

Product Description: Over the past few years, we have made numerous presentations, delivered several series of lectures, and participated in many discussions on the processes of time-dependent crack growth. We felt that the understanding of these processes had reached a degree of maturity: the basic physical principles were established and their application to engineering practice was now feasible...read more

Product Description: Intended for engineers from a variety of disciplines dealing with structural materials, this text describes the current state of knowledge. It begins by describing the fracture process at the two extremes of scale: first in the context of atomic structures, then in terms of a continuous elastic medium...read more

Whenever a wave encounters an obstacle a number of processes occur. For large objects we envisage reflection and transmission with refraction and, in ·many cases, absorption. These phenomena can be described with the aid of ray tracing or geometrical optics, but they do not completely describe the interaction. Diffraction also occurs, and this can only be described by the properties of waves, wave optics. When the object is less than or of the order of the wavelength these processes cannot be so simply understood. The whole interaction is governed by wave optics, and the interactions are lumped together under the heading 'scattering'. Associated with the above there may be changes in frequency of the wave. This may arise due to the Doppler effect if the obstacle is moving or changing in time in any way. Also there can be changes in the energy of the object which must be matched by the wave, such as, for example, in the Raman effect.

For many years it has been recognized that engineering materials that are-tough and ductile can be rendered susceptible to premature fracture through their reaction with the environment. Over 100 years ago, Reynolds associated hydrogen with detrimental effects on the ductility of iron. The "season cracking" of brass has been a known problem for dec­ ades, but the mechanisms for this stress-corrosion process are only today being elucidated. In more recent times, the mechanical properties of most engineering materials have been shown to be adversely affected by hydrogen embrittlement or stress-corrosion cracking. Early studies of environmental effects on crack growth attempted to identify a unified theory to explain the crack growth behavior of groups of materials in a variety of environments. It is currently understood that there are numerous stress-corrosion processes some of which may be common to several materials, but that the crack growth behavior of a given material is dependent on microstructure, microchemistry, mechanics, surface chemistry, and solution chemistry. Although the mechanism by which various chemical species in the environment may cause cracks to propagate in some materials but not in others is very complex, the net result of all environmentally induced fracture is the reduction in the force and energy associated with the tensile or shear separation of atoms at the crack tip.

Product Description: Intended for engineers, researchers, and graduate students dealing with materials science, structural design, and nondestructive testing and evaluation, this book represents a continuation of the author's "Fracture Mechanics" (1997)...read more

Product Description: This is not just another book on fracture mechanics. In recent years, there have been many books published on this subject in an attempt to assess the state of the art and its applications. The majority of the work dealt with energy release rate or critical stress intensity factor and is applicable only to fracture toughness testing...read more

Product Description: From time to time the International Journal of Fracture has presented matters thought to be of special interest to its readers. In previous special issues (December 1980 and April 1981), Dr H.W. Liu as Guest Editor presented a series of review papers dealing with fatigue processes and characteristics in metals and non-metals...read more

The material covered in the manuscripts published herein was subjected to public inquiry during the Japan-US Joint Seminar on Materials for Severe Service Conditions during 19-23 May 1986 at the Toranomon Pastral Guest House in Minato-Ku, Tokyo, Japan. This seminar was the latest in a series on advanced materials and applications initiated in the early 1970s by Professor T. Kanazawa of Japan and Professor A. S. Kobayashi of the United States. The 1986 seminar was organized by the undersigned with the able assistance of Professor H. Kobayashi and Dr H. Nakamura of the Tokyo Institute of Technology, and Dr K. Minakawa of the Nippon Kokan Technical Research Center. The semi­ nar was sponsored by the US National Science Foundation and by the Japan Society for Promotion of Science. This Proceedings volume is offered for its. reference value in the enhancement of the understanding of the behavior of advanced struc­ tural materials for design applications involving adverse loading con­ ditions and severe environments. During the seminar attempts were also made to extract priority issues of possible broad impact on science or technology, and to articulate possible guidelines for action plans.

Product Description: The understanding of time dependent crack propagation processes occupies a central place in the study of fracture. It also encompasses a wide range of conditions: failure under sustained loading in a corrosive environment, fracture under cyclic loading in non-degrading and in corrosive environment, and rupture at high temperature...read more

Portland cement concrete is a relatively brittle material. As a result, mechanical behavior of concrete, conventionally reinforced concrete, prestressed concrete, and fiber reinforced concrete is critically influenced by crack propagation. It is, thus, not surprising that attempts are being made to apply the concepts of fracture mechanics to quantify the resistance to cracking in cementious composites. The field of fracture mechanics originated in the 1920's with A. A. Griffith's work on fracture of brittle materials such as glass. Its most significant applications, however, have been for controlling brittle fracture and fatigue failure of metallic structures such as pressure vessels, airplanes, ships and pipe­ lines. Considerable development has occurred in the last twenty years in modifying Griffith's ideas or in proposing new concepts to account for the ductility typical of metals. As a result of these efforts, standard testing techniques have been available to obtain fracture parameters for metals, and design based on these parameters are included in relevant specifications. Many attempts have been made, in the last two decades or so, to apply the fracture mechanics concepts to cement, mortar, con­ crete and reinforced concrete. So far, these attempts have not led to a unique set of material parameters which can quantify the resistance of these cementitious composites to fracture. No standard testing methods and a generally accepted theoretical analysis are established for concrete as they are for metals.

Over recent years there has been a tremendous upsurge in interest in the fracture behaviour of polymers. One reason for this is the increas­ ing use of polymers in structural engineering applications, since in such circumstances it is essential to have as complete an understanding as possible of the polymer's fracture behaviour. This book is designed to meet the requirements of those who need to be informed of the latest developments in the field of polymer fracture. It is written particularly for research workers but it should also prove invaluable for advanced students taking final-year undergraduate or postgraduate courses. The main emphasis is upon the use of fracture mechanics in the study of polymer fracture but this approach is then developed to cover the micromechanisms of the fracture process. Particular prominence is given to the relationship between structure, mechanical properties and the mechanics and mechanisms of fracture. The first chapter is a brief introduction which has several aims. One is to introduce polymers to the reader who does not have a strong background in the subject and another is to provide background material that will be used at later stages. The book is then split into two main parts: the first deals with the mechanics and mechanisms whilst the second is concerned with materials. In Part I phenomena such as molecular fracture, fracture mechanics, shear yielding and crazing are covered from a general viewpoint.

Product Description: More than six years ago, several of Rabotnov's close friends and colleagues from the USSR and USA decided to contribute a volume on Plasticity and Failure of Solids in honor of his 70th birthday. The celebration was interrupted unexpectedly by his death on May 13, 1985 at which time another decision was made still to publish the work, but as a memorial volume...read more

Product Description: It is propitious that the 25th year of publication of the International Journal of Fracture should coincide with the opportunity to support the recognition by the Society of Engineer­ ing Science of the 65th birthday of the Founding Editor-in-Chief, Professor M...read more

It is now more than 100 years since certain detrimental effects on the ductility of iron were first associated with the presence of hydrogen. Not only is hydrogen embrittlement still a major industri­ al problem, but it is safe to say that in a mechanistic sense we still do not know what hydrogen (but not nitrogen or oxygen, for example) does on an atomic scale to induce this degradation. The same applies to other examples of environmentally-induced fracture: what is it about the ubiquitous chloride ion that induces premature catastrophic fracture (stress corrosion cracking) of ordinarily ductile austenitic stainless steels? Why, moreover, are halide ions troublesome but the nitrate or sulfate anions not deleterious to such stainless steels? Likewise, why are some solid metals embrit­ tled catastrophically by same liquid metals (liquid metal embrit­ tlement) - copper and aluminum, for example, are embrittled by liquid mercury. In short, despite all that we may know about the materials science and mechanics of fracture on a macroscopic scale, we know little about the atomistics of fracture in the absence of environmental interactions and even less when embrittlement phe­ nomena such as those described above are involved. On the other hand, it is interesting to note that physical chemists and surface chemists also have interests in the same kinds of interactions that occur on an atomic scale when metals such as nickel or platinum are used, for example, as catalysts for chemical reactions.

Product Description: In the preliminary stage of designing new structural hardware to perform a given mission in a fluctuating load environment, there are several factors that the designer should consider. Trade studies for different design configurations should be performed and, based on strength and weight considerations, among others, an optimum configuration selected...read more

The major goal of this book is to present the implementation of some damage models with finite elements. The damage models are based on the principles of continuum damage mechanics and the effective stress concept. Several books have appeared recently on damage mechanics but are mostly theoretical in nature. Alternatively, this book provides a complete finite element program that includes the effects of damage. The book consists of two parts. Part I includes two chapters mainly review­ ing topics from finite element analysis and continuum damage mechanics. The reader is cautioned that the material contained in this part is introductor- other references must be consulted for the theoretical aspects of these topics. For a complete theoretical treatment of the subject, the reader is referred to the book Advances in Damage Mechanics: Metals and Metal Matrix Composites by Voyiadjis and Kattan, published in 1999. In Part II the finite element program DNA is introduced in three chapters. DNA stands for "Da­ mage Nonlinear Analysis". The program can be used for the analysis of elasto­ plastic material behavior including the effects of damage within the frame­ work of damage mechanics. Two versions of DNA are presented - one for small strain analysis and one for finite strain analysis. The program makes extensive calls to a library of tensor operations developed by the authors. The tensor library is extensively outlined in the last chapter of the book.

Product Description: From time to time the International Journal of Fracture has presented matters thought to be of special interest to its readers. The last special topic review was presented by Drs W.G. Knauss and AJ. Rosakis as Guest Editors in four issues, January-April 1990, under the general title of Non­ Linear Fracture...read more

Product Description: Book by Riedel, Hermann

Product Description: The purpose of this book is to present, describe and demonstrate the use of numerical methods in solving crack problems in fracture mechanics. The text concentrates, to a large extent, on the application of the Boundary Element Method (BEM) to fracture mechanics, although an up-to-date account of recent advances in other numerical methods such as the Finite Element Method is also presented...read more