Product Description: Policy makers are caught between two powerful forces in relation to testing in America's schools. One is increased interest on the part of educators, reinforced by federal requirements, in developing tests that accurately reflect local educational standards and goals...read more (view table of contents, read Amazon.com's description)

Product Description: In an effort to avoid the degradation of instruction and inflation of test scores that often occurred when educators were held accountable for scores on multiple-choice tests. The findings of this study indicate that inflation of scores remains a risk in assessment-based accountability systems even when they rely on test formats other than multiple choice...read more