Amazon.com description: Product Description: This Hardinge Simpole Openings Classic reprint represents a landmark in the evolution of openings theory. This ground-breaking treatise on the revolutionary Modern Defence became a Bible for those adventurous players who were prepared to permit the opposition to construct a vast pawn centre - only to dynamite it with violent counter-measures in the middlegame. Such players included Botvinnik, Ivkov, Larsen and Suttles, as well as the two authors who were enthusiastic practitioners of the system.