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Tables of Contents for Intermodulation Distortion in Microwave and Wireless Circuits
Chapter/Section Title
Page #
Page Count
Foreword
xi
Preface
xiii
CHAPTER 1 Introduction
1
24
1.1 Signal Perturbation-General Concepts
1
3
1.2 Linearity and Nonlinearity
4
6
1.3 Overview of Nonlinear Distortion Phenomena
10
12
1.4 Scope of the Book
22
2
References
24
1
CHAPTER 2 IMD Characterization Techniques
25
48
2.1 Introduction
25
1
2.2 One-Tone Characterization Tests
26
9
2.2.1 AM-AM Characterization
29
1
2.2.2 AM-PM Characterization
30
1
2.2.3 Total Harmonic Distortion Characterization
30
1
2.2.4 One-Tone Characterization Setups
31
4
2.3 Two-Tone Characterization Tests
35
8
2.3.1 Inband Distortion Characterization
36
3
2.3.2 Out-of-Band Distortion Characterization
39
1
2.3.3 Two-Tone Characterization Setups
39
4
2.4 Multitone or Continuous Spectra Characterization Tests
43
20
2.4.1 Multitone Intermodulation Ratio
48
1
2.4.2 Adjacent-Channel Power Ratio
49
2
2.4.3 Noise Power Ratio
51
1
2.4.4 Cochannel Power Ratio
52
4
2.4.5 Multitone Characterization Setups
56
3
2.4.6 Relation Between Multitone and Two-Tone Test Results
59
4
2.5 Illustration Examples of Nonlinear Distortion Characterization
63
8
2.5.1 One-Tone Characterization Results
63
1
2.5.2 Two-Tone Characterization Results
64
1
2.5.3 Noise Characterization Results
65
6
References
71
2
CHAPTER 3 Nonlinear Analysis Techniques for Distortion Prediction
73
124
3.1 Introduction
73
7
3.1.1 System Classification
74
4
3.1.2 Nonlinear Circuit Example
78
2
3.2 Frequency-Domain Techniques for Small-Signal Distortion Analysis
80
53
3.2.1 Volterra Series Model of Weakly Nonlinear Systems
80
8
3.2.2 Volterra Series Analysis of Time-Invariant Circuits
88
22
3.2.3 Volterra Series Analysis of Time-Varying Circuits
110
13
3.2.4 Volterra Series Analysis at the System Level
123
7
3.2.5 Limitations of Volterra Series Techniques
130
3
3.3 Frequency-Domain Techniques for Large-Signal Distortion Analysis
133
43
3.3.1 Extending Volterra Series Maximum Excitation Level
134
8
3.3.2 Harmonic Balance by Newton Iteration
142
6
3.3.3 Nonlinear Model Representation-Spectral Balance
148
6
3.3.4 Multitone Harmonic Balance
154
18
3.3.5 Harmonic Balance Applied to Network Analysis
172
4
3.4 Time-Domain Techniques for Distortion Analysis
176
13
3.4.1 Time-Step Integration Basics
176
3
3.4.2 Steady-State Response Using Shooting-Newton
179
2
3.4.3 Finite-Differences in Time-Domain
181
1
3.4.4 Quasiperiodic Steady-State Solutions in Time-Domain
182
2
3.4.5 Mixed-Mode Simulation Techniques
184
5
3.5 Summary of Nonlinear Analysis Techniques for Distortion Evaluation
189
5
References
194
3
CHAPTER 4 Nonlinear Device Modeling
197
52
4.1 Introduction
197
2
4.2 Device Models Based on Equivalent Circuits
199
21
4.2.1 Selecting an Appropriate Nonlinear Functional Description
202
8
4.2.2 Equivalent Circuit Model Extraction
210
2
4.2.3 Parameter Set Extraction of the Model's Nonlinearities
212
8
4.3 Electron Device Models for Nonlinear Distortion Prediction
220
26
4.3.1 Diodes and Other Semiconductor Junctions
221
3
4.3.2 Field Effect Transistors
224
10
4.3.3 The Bipolar Transistor Family
234
5
4.4 Behavioral Models for System Level Simulation
239
7
References
246
3
CHAPTER 5 Highly Linear Circuit Design
249
160
5.1 Introduction
249
1
5.2 High Dynamic Range Amplifier Design
250
62
5.2.1 Concepts and Systemic Considerations
250
7
5.2.2 Small-Signal Amplifier Design-General Remarks
257
8
5.2.3 Low-Noise Amplifier Design
265
6
5.2.4 Nonlinear Distortion in Small-Signal Amplifiers
271
41
5.3 Linear Power Amplifier Design
312
44
5.3.1 Power Amplifier Concepts and Specifications
312
1
5.3.2 Power Amplifier Design
313
22
5.3.3 Nonlinear Distortion in Power Amplifiers
335
21
5.4 Linear Mixer Design
356
36
5.4.1 General Mixer Design Concepts
358
1
5.4.2 Illustrative Active FET Mixer Design
359
26
5.4.3 Intermodulation Distortion in Diode Mixers
385
7
5.5 Nonlinear Distortion in Balanced Circuits
392
13
5.5.1 Distortion in Multiple-Device Amplifier Circuits
393
5
5.5.2 Distortion in Multiple-Device Mixer Circuits
398
7
References
405
4
List of Acronyms
409
4
Notation Conventions
411
2
About the Authors
413
2
Index
415