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Tables of Contents for Persia and the Greeks
Chapter/Section Title
Page #
Page Count
Prefaces
xiii
Abbreviations
xvii
Introduction: Herodotos and other Sources
1
20
PART I THE RISE OF PERSIA
Babylon and the Medes
21
15
The Near East under Assyria
21
4
First mention of the Medes and Persians
25
3
The Fall of Assyria
28
1
Battle of Carchemish
29
1
Captivity of Judah
30
1
Kyaxares and Lydia
31
1
Babylon against the Medes
32
2
Nabonidus in Arabia
34
2
The Coming of Cyrus
36
12
Nabonidus and Cyrus
36
1
The Rise of Persia
37
1
Cyrus overthrows Astyages
37
2
Croesus intervenes
39
1
Cyrus conquers Lydia
40
3
First contact with the Greeks
43
2
Revolt of Paktyas and first conquest of Ionia
45
3
Great Babylon is Fallen
48
15
Progress of Cyrus
48
1
`Numbered, weighed, divided'
49
1
The `second Isaiah'
50
2
Cyrus as Messiah
52
2
Cyrus conquers Babylon
54
2
Zionist hopes
56
2
Cyrus as liberator
58
1
The later days of Cyrus
59
2
His end
61
2
The Iranian Religion
63
18
Nobility of the Persians
63
2
Herodotos on Persian Religion
65
1
Comparison with the Avesta
66
2
Zarathustra
68
2
Question of his date
70
1
The social and religious background
71
1
Autobiographical material in the Gathas
72
2
The Message of Zarathustra
74
3
Persian religion after Zarathustra
77
1
Nobles and Magi
78
2
Religion and Persian Imperialism
80
1
From Cambyses to Darius
81
15
Character of Cambyses
81
1
Attempt to elevate the Monarchy?
82
2
Cambyses conquers Egypt
84
2
Cambyses and Ethiopia
86
2
His proceedings in Egypt
88
2
Rebellion in Persia, supported by the Magi
90
1
King Bardiya
91
2
Death of Cambyses
93
1
Conspiracy of the Seven
93
1
a military reaction
94
2
Darius the Great
96
31
Rebellion throughout the Empire
96
1
Darius re-conquers Babylon
97
1
the East rebels behind him
97
3
the Median War
100
1
Victory of Darius
100
2
Recovery of Armenia and Iran
102
1
Darius and the Saka
103
2
Darius and Egypt
105
1
Recovery of Lydia
106
1
Darius marries Cyrus' daughters
107
1
his Organization of the Empire
108
6
The Gadates letter
114
1
Darius' Suez Canal
115
1
Darius and India
115
2
Laws and buildings
117
1
Darius' religion
117
10
List of the Satrapies
123
4
The Persians enter Europe
127
16
The Psychology of Conquest
127
1
Darius in Asia Minor
128
1
Otanes takes Samos
129
1
the Bosporos bridge
129
1
Darius in Thrace
130
1
the Scythian Expedition
131
2
Darius defeated; the story of Miltiades
133
1
Megabazos conquers the north Aegean coast
134
2
Suppression of Greek revolt on the Bosporos, and consolidation
136
1
A Persian Reconnaissance in the Mediterranean; the story of Demokedes
137
6
PART II GREECE ON THE EVE
Carthage, Etruria and the Western Greeks
143
27
The Phoenicians
143
1
Greek trade with Carthage and Etruria
144
1
Aggressiveness of the Greeks
145
2
Pentathlos takes Lilybaion, but is defeated and killed
147
2
Phalaris of Akragas
149
2
Carthage organizes resistance
151
1
`Malchus'(?) in Sicily
152
1
The Phokaians driven from Corsica
153
1
`Malchus' in Sardinia
154
1
his end
155
1
Mago and the rise of Carthaginian power; the Republic and the Army
155
2
Carthage at war with Massalia
157
3
The Etruscans defeated before Cumae
160
3
Aristodemos against Lars Porsenna in Latium
163
1
his revolution at Cumae
163
2
The Carthaginian treaties with Rome
165
2
The adventures of Dorieus
167
3
Sparta and Athens
170
23
Greece on the Eve
170
1
King Kleomenes, Megara and Plataia
171
1
his Diplomacy
172
1
Sparta and the Aegean
173
1
The Athenian Revolution: Hippias and Persia
174
1
Kleomenes expels Hippias
175
1
Kleisthenes and the Franchise
176
3
The Discomfiture of Kleomenes
179
7
The Peloponnesians refuse to fight
186
3
Athens defeats Thebes and Chalkis
189
3
The Aiginetans burn Phaleron
192
1
The Peloponnesians refuse to restore Hippias
192
1
Revolt in Ionia
193
28
Background of the Revolt
193
2
A Persian repulse at Naxos
195
1
Aristagoras leads a rebellion
196
1
The Ionian League
197
2
Aristagoras at Sparta
199
1
Athens and Eretria send help
199
1
Their march on Sardis relieves Miletos?
200
1
Defeat at Ephesos
201
1
The Peace Party gains control at Athens
201
1
The War in Cyprus
202
3
Ionia invaded
205
2
Death of Aristagoras
207
1
Histiaios arrives
207
1
Miltiades takes Lemnos
208
1
Ionia attacked by land and sea
209
2
A siege of Lindos?
211
1
Battle of Lade
212
2
Fall of Miletos
214
2
Death of Histiaios
216
1
End of the Revolt and Escape of Miltiades
217
4
From Ionia to Old Greece: 494--490
221
15
Persian Reforms in Ionia
221
1
Mardonios in the West, 492
222
1
Greece summoned to surrender
223
1
Tensions at Athens: Miltiades and Themistokles
223
4
Kleomenes crushes Argos, procures the deposition of Damaratos, and takes hostages from Aigina
227
9
Marathon
236
22
Datis and the new Persian naval strategy
236
1
He subdues the Cyclades and Karystos
237
1
Fall of Eretria
238
1
The Persians land at Marathon
239
2
Strategic considerations
241
5
The days of waiting
246
1
Datis re-embarks his cavalry?
247
1
Now or never
248
1
Miltiades' tactics
249
2
Victory
251
1
Datis with draws
252
1
The Spartans arrive
253
1
War memorials
253
2
The Marathon Legend
255
3
The Captains and the Kings Depart: 489--6
258
21
Miltiades at the height of his power
258
1
his counter-offensive in the Cyclades
258
1
Paros resists him
259
1
Envy in Greek political life
260
5
the reaction against Miltiades
265
1
his trial and death
266
1
Damaratos flees from Sparta to the Persians
267
1
Question of the date
268
1
Kleomenes visits Thessaly
268
1
Persian propaganda there
269
1
Persia's woman agent
269
2
Kleomenes in Arcadia
271
1
his return to Sparta and death
272
1
A movement against Sparta in Arcadia and Messenia?
272
1
Aigina demands return of her hostages
273
1
Aigina again at war with Athens
274
2
Persia's preoccupations
276
1
Rebellion in Egypt
277
1
Death of Darius
278
1
King Xerxes
278
1
Themistokles and Athens, 488--1
279
18
The new, democratic politics
279
1
Themistokles
280
4
the reform of 487
284
2
ostrakophoria
286
1
the elimination of Hipparchos
286
1
of Megakles the Alkmeonid
287
2
of Xanthippos
289
2
Aristeides the Just
291
1
Themistokles' Navy Bill
291
2
ostracism of Aristeides
293
1
Themistokles and Kerkyra
294
1
Peace with Aigina
294
3
Military Monarchy in Sicily
297
16
Hippokrates of Gela
297
1
the Samians at Zankle and Anaxilaos of Rhegion
298
3
Hippokrates takes Leontinoi and defeats Syracuse
301
1
his Sikel wars and death
302
1
Gelon
303
1
Theron of Akragas
304
1
Gelon captures Syracuse
305
1
Himera and Rhegion in Alliance with Carthage
306
7
PART III THE GREAT INVASION
Xerxes Marches
313
24
Xerxes' Band of Brothers
313
1
his character and religious policy
314
3
rebellions of Egypt and Babylon crushed
317
1
preparations against Greece
317
1
the Athos Canal
318
1
the Strymon bridged
318
1
food depots in Thrace
319
1
the Helles-pont bridges
319
2
the imperial mobilisation
321
5
the questions of numbers
326
2
water supplies indicate 200,000 as the limit
328
2
numbers of the fleet
330
3
Members and connections of the Achaemenid House in Xerxes' Army
333
4
The Fall of Northern Greece
337
41
The march through Thrace
337
1
halt at the Vardar
338
1
the Greeks occupy Tempe
339
4
Xerxes' agents already in northern Greece
343
1
Tempe evacuated
344
1
panic in Greece
344
1
Delphi counsels submission
345
5
Athens yields the naval command to Sparta, and recalls exiles
350
2
The Greek strategic plan
352
3
Themistokles and the Oracles
355
4
Themistokles' Decree
359
3
the Greeks occupy Artemision and Thermopylai
362
2
Note on the Troizen Inscription
364
14
Pray to the Winds
378
28
Leonidas' Army
378
3
a raid north from Thermopylai
381
1
numbers and dispositions of the fleet
381
4
first contact at sea
385
3
Aegean weather
388
1
the storm off Sepias
389
2
the Persians reach Aphetai
391
1
Xerxes before Thermophylai
392
4
the `parallel diaries' of land and sea operations
396
1
the Greeks raid the enemy anchorages
397
1
the second storm and destruction of the Persian outflanking squadron
398
1
the Greeks reinforced
399
1
the pitched battle of Artemision
400
1
the Greeks retreat
401
1
Importance of the Artemision operations
402
4
Too Few and Too Late
406
17
The failure to support Leonidas
406
1
the Thermopylai Legend
407
1
Tactical features of the Thermopylai line
407
4
The first assaults
411
1
the local guide
412
1
the flank march
413
3
brushing past an outpost
416
1
Leonidas stays with a sacrificed rearguard
417
2
the last stand
419
2
the war memorials
421
2
The Razor's Edge
423
27
Leisurely proceedings of the Persians
423
1
some Arcadians desert to them
424
1
the harrying of Phokis
425
1
the `miracle' at Delphi
426
1
Euboia by-passed
427
1
the evacuation of Athens
427
3
the Acropolis left garrisoned
430
2
the Peloponnesians at the Isthmus
432
1
Xerxes enters Athens
433
1
the Acropolis stormed
433
2
the fleets at Salamis
435
1
Salamis island as an objective
436
1
Xerxes' mole
437
3
both sides at full stretch
440
1
the Greek naval conferences
441
4
Adeimantos of Corinth
445
2
Xerxes consults his naval experts
447
1
the Persians close in on Salamis
448
2
The Battle of Salamis
450
26
Themistokles' message to Xerxes
450
91
Aeschylus' account of it
541
Ephoros' account useful here
453
1
Psyttaleia
453
1
Aristeides brings news of the Persian movement
454
1
the morning of the battle
455
2
The Greek position in the Narrows
457
3
the Persians enter the straits
460
2
Aeschylus' account of the battle
462
1
Herodotos adds details
463
3
the Athenians storm Psyttaleia
466
4
the Persians retreat
470
2
Notes: the position of Psyttaleia
472
2
the Unrealiability of Plutarch on Salamis
474
2
Victory in the West
476
12
Synchronism of Himera with Thermopylai
476
1
Hamilcar's Army
476
1
Hamilcar lands in Sicily
477
1
Gelon relieves Himera
478
1
Gelon's Stratagem
479
1
Battle of Himera
480
1
Death of Hamilcar
480
1
What happened at Sea?
481
2
Moderate Peace-Terms
483
1
Sicily after the War
484
4
Winter of Discontent
488
20
Tensions in Greece in winter 480--479
488
2
the Prize for Generalship not awarded
490
1
Themistokles honoured at Sparta
490
1
Xanthippos and Aristeides the Athenian field-commanders in 479
491
2
Athens rejects Persian Peace-Terms
493
3
Rebellion against Persia in Chalkidike
496
3
Preoccupations of Mardonios
499
1
the Fleets in the Aegean, spring 479
500
2
Mardonios reoccupies Athens
502
1
An Athenian peace-orator lynched
503
1
Sparta's anxieties in the Peloponnese
504
1
The Spartans move at last
505
1
Argos overawed
506
2
Crowning Mercy
508
39
Mardonios evacuates Attica
509
1
his position on the Asopos, and size of his army
510
3
the Greek `Oath of Plataia'
513
3
the Action at Erythrai
516
3
the Greeks move to Plataia
519
4
Greek strength and order of battle
523
1
the days of waiting
524
2
Stirrings of disloyalty among some Athenian landowners
526
1
Persian cavalry destroy a Greek convoy
527
1
Mardonios anxious for a decision
528
1
His cavalry cut off the Greek water-supply
529
1
The Greeks fall back; Pausanias' plan
530
1
A night move
530
2
position at dawn
532
2
Mardonios' Advance
534
1
The Athenians overtaken by the Boiotians
534
2
Pausanias' battle position
536
1
The two centres blocked from engaging
536
1
Defeat of the Greek left; pressure on the Athenians relieved
537
1
Pausanias' Victory
538
1
Retreat of Artabazos
539
1
The Persian camp stormed
540
1
Casualties
541
3
Commemoration of the Victory; the Serpent-Column
544
2
Siege of Thebes, and execution of Theban leaders
546
1
EPILOGUE The Counter-Offensive and the End of the War
547
1
Advance of the Greek fleet; Samos liberated
547
2
Battle of Mykale
549
2
Liberated Ionia presents a Problem
551
1
The fleet moves against Xerxes' bridge
552
1
Siege and capture of Sestos
553
1
End of Herodotos' History; the New Era
554
3
Themistokles and the Walls of Athens
557
1
Liberation of Cyprus, the Bosporos and Northern Greece 478
557
1
Latychidas and Pausanias disgraced
558
1
Athens and the Ionians found the Delian League, 477
559
1
The Persians dislodged from Thrace
559
1
Battle of the Eurymedon and the first Secessions
560
1
The Egyptian Expedition
560
1
Disaster in Egypt halts Athens' career of Conquest
561
1
Kimon's last campaign
562
1
The negotiated Peace of Kallias
562
2
Passing of the Commanders of 480--79
564
1
Oppressiveness and decline of Persia
565
1
The importance of the Greek victory
566
2
Index
568
19
POSTSCRIPT
Postscript
587
24
D. M. Lewis
Index to Postscript
611