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Tables of Contents for The Causes of Exclusion
Chapter/Section Title
Page #
Page Count
Preface
ix
 
Patterns of crime; patterns of control
1
20
Introduction
1
1
Definitions of crime
2
2
Communities of crime and poverty
4
3
Studies of criminality
7
3
Causes of criminality
10
1
Patterns of interventions
11
3
Change in society and their influence
14
1
Relationships and communities
15
3
References
18
3
The sources and the styles of evidence
21
11
Introduction
21
2
Research and policy
23
2
Listening to experience: semi-structured interviews
25
3
The presentation of the data
28
2
References
30
2
The experience of home
32
19
Introduction
32
1
Types of dysfunctional families
33
4
Instability in the home
37
2
The effects of isolation
39
3
Closely observed parents
42
3
Violence and its effects
45
4
References
49
2
Separate neighbourhoods: parents' attitudes to schools
51
13
Introduction
51
1
Attitudes to school
52
3
Parents, schools and truancy
55
2
Parental responsibility and schools
57
2
Truancy and the social services
59
4
References
63
1
The best days of your life? The personal experience of school
64
30
Introduction
64
1
The informal aspects of school
65
3
The culture of disruption
68
1
The pervasiveness of bullying
69
6
Bullies and victims
75
3
Bullying and criminality
78
3
Bullies, gangs and competition
81
1
Boredom with school
82
3
Reactions to the demands of school
85
6
References
91
3
The immediate causes of exclusion
94
23
Introduction
94
1
Reactions to teachers
95
5
The development of disengagement from school
100
3
The imposition of discipline
103
3
Truancy and exclusion
106
3
The point of no return
109
3
Alienation from school
112
3
References
115
2
Peer groups: the alternative society
117
19
Introduction
117
2
Escaping the demands of school
119
2
Types of conformity
121
4
The attractions of esteem
125
2
The society of gangs
127
7
References
134
2
The world outside: domestic reality and fantasy
136
17
Introduction
136
2
Alternative definitions of social norms
138
3
Regrets about the past
141
2
The overlapping world of work and crime
143
3
Visions of normality
146
3
The realities of everyday experience
149
3
References
152
1
The self and the social world: relationships with parents
153
23
Introduction
153
2
The perils of indifference
155
4
Physical and psychological neglect
159
3
The role of dialogue
162
5
Violent emotions and violent acts
167
5
The effects of inadequate parenting
172
2
References
174
2
Anger and despair: the causes of behavior
176
14
Introduction
176
1
The loss of self-control
177
2
Reactions to provocation
179
3
Knowing their limitations
182
4
The loss of self-esteem
186
2
References
188
2
Prepetuation: the following generation
190
14
Introduction
190
1
Children's analysis of parental limitations
191
3
The perpetuation of parental limitation
194
6
The breakdown of relationships and their consequences
200
3
References
203
1
Conclusion
204
9
Index
213