1. Introduction: what makes science possible? Peter Carruthers, Stephen Stich and Michael Siegal

Part I. Science and Innateness: 2. Human evolution and the cognitive basis of science Steven Mithen

3. Modular and cultural factors in biological understanding: an experimental approach to the cognitive basis of science Scott Atran

4. The roots of scientific reasoning: infancy, modularity, and the art of tracking Peter Carruthers

Part II. Science and Cognition: 5. Science without grammar: scientific reasoning in severe a-grammatic aphasia Rosemary Varley

6. Causal maps and Bayes nets: a cognitive and computational account of theory-formation Alison Gopnik and Clark Glymour

7. The cognitive basis of model based reasoning in science Nancy Nersessian

8. Understanding the role of cognition in science: the Science as Category framework Kevin Dunbar

9. Theorizing is important, and collateral information constrains how well it is done Barbara Koslowski and Stephanie Thompson

10. The influence of prior belief on scientific thinking Jonathan St B. T. Evans

11. Thinking about causality: pragmatic, social and scientific rationality Denis Hilton

Part III. Science and Motivation: 12. The passionate scientist: emotion in scientific cognition Paul Thagard

13. Emotions and epistemic evaluations Christopher Hookway

14. Social psychology and the theory of science Philip Kitcher

Part IV. Science and the Social: 15. Scientific cognition as distributed cognition Ronald Giere

16. The science of childhood Michael Siegal

17. What do children learn from testimony? Paul Harris

18. The baby in the lab-coat: why child development is an inadequate model for understanding the development of science Luc Faucher, Ron Mallon, Daniel Nazer, Shaun Nichols, Aaron Ruby, Stephen Stich and Jonathan Weinberg.