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Tables of Contents for The Moon
Chapter/Section Title
Page #
Page Count
Preface
xv
Forword
xx
Acknowledgements
xxiii
Introduction
xxv
List of illustrations and tables
xxix
Lunar Origins and Physical Features
1
22
The origin of the Moon
1
2
Physical features of the Moon
3
11
Mountain ranges -- highlands and basin rings
5
1
Basins and basin rings
6
1
Craters
7
2
Maria
9
2
Ridges, lava tubes and rilles
11
3
Exploration of the Moon
14
7
The Apollo experiments
15
4
Galileo
19
1
The Clementine mission
19
1
Lunar Prospector
20
1
Summary
21
1
Bibliography
21
2
Science Opportunities -- Engineering Challenges
23
28
Introduction
23
1
Geoscience
23
4
Geological reconnaissance missions
24
1
Field work
24
2
Exploration geology and lunar base development
26
1
Astronomy from the Moon
27
13
Earth-based astronomy
28
1
Astronomy from Earth orbit
29
1
Moon-based astronomy
30
10
Other science opportunities
40
1
Cosmic radiation and the solar wind
40
1
Particle accelerators
40
1
Psychology and sociology
40
1
Engineering challenges
41
5
Robots and tele-operations
41
1
Chemistry
42
1
Health care challenges
43
1
Life support systems
43
1
Mining and manufacturing operations in the lunar environment
44
1
Government
45
1
Summary
46
1
Bibliography
46
5
Lunar Resources
51
10
Introduction
51
1
Elements
51
2
The lunar regolith
53
1
Water
53
1
Sunlight
54
1
Vacuum
54
1
Temperature profile
55
1
Physical mass of the Moon
56
1
Topography
57
1
Sterile environment
57
1
Low gravity
57
1
Orbital mechanics
58
1
Summary
58
1
Bibliography
58
3
Lunar Logistics
61
10
Introduction
61
1
Getting to the Moon: rocket launch capabilities
61
3
Staying on the Moon
64
1
Design concept
64
4
Communications -- tele-operations
64
2
Housekeeping functions
66
1
Robotics and automation
67
1
Cislunar environment maintenance
67
1
Summary
68
1
Bibliography
68
3
Mining and Manufacturing
71
14
Introduction
71
1
Mining
72
2
Rotary wire brush
72
1
Boring machines
73
1
Transportion of raw materials
74
2
Wheeled robots
74
1
Railroad
74
1
Pneumatic conveying at partial gravity
74
2
Mechanical ballistic transport: slingshots and the `advanced Rom catapult'
76
1
Benefication
76
2
Processing of crude ores
78
1
Lunar manufacturing
79
2
Industrial base development
80
1
Summary
81
1
Bibliography
81
4
Circumferential Lunar Utilities
85
20
Introduction
85
1
Lunar electric power
85
3
Nuclear power
86
1
Solar electric power
87
1
The lunar power system (LPS)
88
1
The circumferential electric grid
88
2
Construction of circumferential lunar utilities
90
6
The lunar railroad
93
3
Lunar telecommunications network
96
1
Lunar pipeline system
96
1
The south pole station
96
2
Railroad operations
98
2
The `breakout'
100
1
Summary
100
1
Bibliography
101
4
Governance of the Moon
105
14
Introduction
105
1
Government structure
105
1
Space law
106
1
The outer space treatises
107
2
The creation of a new lunar government
109
2
The a posteriori approach to lunar governance
109
2
The a prior approach to a new government
111
1
Port authorities
111
4
The LEDA model of lunar governance
111
1
Long-term planning and coordination of lunar science projects
112
1
Lunar resource management
112
1
Standards for lunar development
112
1
Fund-raising for lunar development
113
2
Evolution of the lunar government
115
1
Summary
115
1
Bibliography
116
3
The Mission to the South Pole
119
12
Introduction
119
1
Global survey
119
1
Robotic survey and sample return
120
1
Lunar base site selection criteria
120
3
Site characteristics and mission opportunities
122
1
Initial robotic operations at the lunar base
123
1
The lunar `seed'
123
1
A candidate lunar seed: the seleno-lab
124
2
Design requirements
124
1
Investigation objectives
124
Operations
123
2
Producction
125
1
Design aspects
125
1
Design process
125
1
Laboratory support: growth to next stage
126
1
Mission concept
126
2
Fixed base facility
126
1
The dash to the pole
127
1
Circumpolar missions
127
1
The embryonic circumferential infrastructure
128
1
Summary
128
1
Bibliography
128
3
Colonization of the Moon
131
42
Introduction
131
1
The first lunar base
131
1
Growth of the first lunar base
132
5
The multipurpose rover
132
1
The mechanical soil stabilization system: the tamper
133
1
The lunar railroad
133
1
Multipurpose towers
133
4
Return of humans to the Moon
137
6
The MALEO site office
137
1
Rovers
138
3
Nomad Explorer
141
2
Controlled ecological life support system (CELSS)
143
3
Physico-chemical systems
144
1
Biological/biospheric systems
144
1
Lunar agriculture
145
1
A cislunar transport and logistics system
146
6
Earth spacesports
146
1
Earth-to-orbit transport
146
1
The Earth-orbital station
147
1
Cislunar vehicles
147
2
The lunar polar cycler (LPC)
149
1
Lunar orbital station
149
2
Tethers
151
1
Lunar base port
152
1
The second lunar base
152
2
Rail line to the south pole
152
2
The Newton--Shackleton cable care system
154
1
Infrastructure developing in the south polar region
154
2
Habitats: building on a flat unobstructed terrain
154
2
Global development
156
11
Lunar equatorial facilities
158
1
Electromagnetic ballistic transportation system
158
3
Northward extension of the railroad
161
1
The 345th meridian magnetic levitation high-speed transport
161
2
`Flywheel farm' energy storage facility
163
2
The Very Large Optical Interferometry Telescope at Copernicus
165
1
The quarantine and extremely hazardous experimentation facility
165
2
Summary
167
1
Bibliography
167
6
Exploration of Space From the Moon
173
24
Introduction
173
1
`Spaceport' Moon
173
2
Solar sails
175
1
Energy transmission in space
175
2
Laser transmission of power
176
1
Solar-power satellites
177
1
Exploration of the solar system from the Moon
178
13
Mercury
178
1
Venus
179
1
Near-Earth objects (NEO)
180
3
Comets
183
1
The Earth
183
1
Mars
184
5
The asteroid belt
189
1
Jupiter
189
1
Saturn, Uranus and Neptune
190
1
Pluto
190
1
The Kuiper Belt and the Oort Cloud
191
1
Exploration of the stars
191
3
The cosmic `seed'
192
1
Mission to Proxima Centauri
193
1
Summary
194
1
Bibliography
195
2
CONCLUSION
197
222
Appendices
A The Clementine mission to the Moon
199
8
A.1 Clementine's search for lunar ice
200
6
A.2 Bibliography
206
1
B Lunar regolith properties
207
8
Bibliography
214
1
C Lunar soil simulation
215
4
Bibliography
218
1
D Examples of in-suti resource utilization (ISRU)
219
20
D.1 Solar-power cells
219
5
D.2 `Smart bricks'
224
5
D.3 Microwave sintering
229
3
D.3.1 Microwave production of aerobraking heat shields
232
1
D.4 Prototype Lunox plant design
233
4
D.5 Bibliography
237
2
E Proposed processes for lunar oxygen extraction
239
40
E.1 Introduction
239
1
E.2 Trade studies
239
5
E.3 Summary of trade studies
244
1
E.3.1 Subsystems
245
1
E.4 Proposed oxygen extraction processes
245
1
E.4.1 Gas/solid processes
245
13
E.4.2 Gas/liquid processes
258
2
E.4.3 Bulk elecrolysis processes
260
4
E.4.4 Pyrolysis processes
264
4
E.4.5 Slurry/solution processes
268
7
E.5 Process comparisons
275
1
E.6 Final note
276
1
E.7 Conclusions
276
1
E.8 Bibliography
276
3
F Facilitating space commerce through a Lunar Economic Development Authority
279
16
F.1 Abstract
279
1
F.2 Introduction
280
1
F.2.1 Attitudinal change
280
2
F.2.2 Commercial, legal and political challenges in lunar enterprise
282
1
F.3 Space economic development authorities
283
3
F.3.1 Lunar Economic Development Authority
286
3
F.4 Current endeavours
289
1
F.5 Coclusions
290
1
F.6 References
291
4
G Lunar government: lawmaking standards
295
6
G.1 The lunar government
295
1
G.1.1 The purpose of government
295
1
G.1.2 Jurisdiction
295
1
G.1.3 Constitutional rule of law
296
1
G.2 Lawmaking standards for the lunar government
296
1
G.2.1 Design standards for laws
296
2
G.2.2 Quality improvements standards for laws
298
1
G.3 The role of legislators
299
1
G.4 The science and engineering of laws
299
1
G.5 Bibliography
300
1
H Helium-3
301
4
H.1 Introduction
301
1
H.2 Helium-3 fusion
302
1
H.3 Regolith resources of helium-3
302
1
H4 Bibliography
303
2
I NASA and self-replicating systems: implications for nanotechology
305
4
J Human factors
309
14
J.1 Hazards in the lunar environment
309
1
J.1.1 Radiation
309
2
J.1.2 Lunar dust
311
1
J.1.3 Lunar gravity
311
1
J.2 Physilogical needs of human habitation
311
1
J.2.1 Oxygen
312
1
J.2.2 Water
312
1
J.2.3 Food
312
2
J.3 Controlled ecological life support system
314
1
J.3.1 Food crops
314
1
J.3.2 Waste management
315
1
J.3.3 Experiments
316
1
J.4 Psychological needs of human habitation
317
2
J.5 Bibliography
319
4
K Maglev trains and mass drivers
323
6
K.1 Electromagnetic transportation
323
1
K.2 Maglev trains
323
1
K.3 Mass drivers
324
1
K.3.1 `Capture' operations of mass drivers
325
1
K.3.2 Human-rated mass drivers
326
1
K.4 Summary
327
1
K.5 Bibliography
327
2
L Development of the lunar economy
329
6
L.1 Introduction
329
1
L.2 Funds for lunar development
329
1
L.3 Business operations example: the `lunar Electric Power Company'
330
1
L.4 A self-developing lunar economy
331
1
L.5 Bibliography
332
3
M Lunar mysteries
335
10
M.1 Lunar transient phenomena
335
2
M.2 Lunar horizon glow
337
2
M.3 The mystery of the rusty rocks
339
3
M.4 The mystery of the Reiner γ magnetic anomaly
342
1
M.5 Bibliography
343
2
N Milestones of lunar development
345
2
O Benefits to Earth of lunar development
347
2
P Cislunar orbital environment maintenance
349
16
P.1 Abstract
349
1
P.2 Introduction
349
1
P.3 Earth-orbital environment 2001
350
1
P.4 Architectural elements of the Satellite Service Facility (SSF)
351
2
P.5 Advanced technologies identification
353
1
P.6 A synergetic supporting architecture
353
2
P.7 Mission design and operations
355
1
P.7.1 ST-1 mission operations
355
1
P.7.2 ST-2 missions operations
356
1
P.8 Merits and limitations
357
1
P.9 Recommendations
358
1
P.10 Economics of the Satellite Service Facility
359
1
P.11 Conclusion
360
1
P.12 Acknowledgements
361
1
P.13 Bibliography
361
4
Q Siting the millennial time capsule
365
8
Q.1 Introduction
365
1
Q.2 Space activities: a broad humanitarian perspective
365
1
Q.3 A humanitarian concept based on space activities
366
2
Q.4 Technologies at the threshold of maturity
368
1
Q.5 The Lunar Humanity Repository architecture
369
1
Q.6 Merits of the architecture
370
1
Q.7 A natural evolution scenario for the facility
371
1
Q.8 Schedule and economics for the facility
371
1
Q.9 The case for international subsidies
372
1
Q.10 Conclusion
372
1
R Ice on the Moon
373
4
R.1 How was the ice detected?
373
1
R.2 How can ice survive on the Moon?
374
1
R.3 Where did the ice come from?
374
1
R.4 Is there any other evidence for ice?
375
1
R.5 Why is ice on the Moon important?
376
1
R.6 References
376
1
S MALEO: Modular Assembly in Low Earth Orbit
377
20
S.1 Abstract
377
1
S.2 Introduction
377
2
S.3 Development of the MALEO strategy
379
3
S.4 Configuration of the Lunar Habitation Base-1 (LHB-1)
382
1
S.5 Components of the Lunar Habitation Base-1 (LHB-1)
383
2
S.6 The Modular Orbital Transfer Vehicle (MOTV)
385
1
S.7 The Lunar Landing System (LLS)
385
1
S.8 The MALEO assembly and deployment of LHB-1
385
5
S.9 Principles of prestressed trusses
390
1
S.10 MALEO LHB-1 structural system
390
1
S.11 MALEO: transportation loads and forces
391
1
S.12 Advantages of MALEO strategy
392
1
S.13 The challenges
393
1
S.14 Conclusions
393
1
S.15 Acknowledgements
394
1
S.16 References
395
2
T Logistics for the Nomad Explorer assembly assist vehicle
397
22
T.1 Abstract
397
1
T.2 Introduction
397
1
T.3 Development of the Nomad Explorer strategy
398
4
T.4 The Nomad Explorer vehicle systems architecture
402
5
T.5 The problem with conventional extravehicular activity
407
2
T.6 Rationale for an alternative manned EVA system
409
1
T.7 The EVA Bell architecture
410
1
T.8 Challenges posed by the EVA Bell
410
1
T.9 Advantages of the EVA Bell system
411
1
T.10 Advantages of the Nomad Explorer strategy
411
2
T.11 Technology for the Nomad Explorer strategy
413
1
T.12 The Nomad Explorer budget
414
1
T.13 Conclusion
414
1
T.14 Acknowledgements
415
1
T.15 References
415
4
Bibliography
419
2
Index
421